The changing nature of work in modern capitalist economies – entailed by technological progress, globalisation and political decisions – poses numerous challenges to trade unions, which have been attempting to address them, with various degree of success. The challenges are both ideological and organisational reflecting union attempts to defend, maintain and recreate the solidarity of workers in response to various forms of new managerial techniques. Besides traditional, paternalistic and voluntaristic approaches, many European countries, both in the East and West, have observed the emergence of lean production, HRM, New Public Management, as well as approaches explicitly aimed at union busting in some multinational corporations and local enterprises. This stream is particularly interested in trade union responses to these new, managerial challenges, seen from comparative perspective of cross-country studies as well as in-depth, single country/sector/company research.