In the debates on actors of industrial relations in Europe (and worldwide), employer organisations are usually overshadowed by trade unions. Still the ongoing processes of collective bargaining decentralization (and deterioration), individualization of work and employment relations, expansion of atypical work also affect position and role of employer organisations. Are differences between ‘employer organisations’ and ‘business associations’ becoming less and less significant? Topics of interest include: trends in employer organisations’ density, relations between employer organisations and business associations (including chambers) at all levels (national, regional, sectoral, EU), relations between employer organisations and state.